Timbre / Sound Quality
音色/音质/Yin1 Se4/Yin1 Zhi4
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CMT: False
EARS2 Encyclopedia: False
CHEARS:
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EARS 2: MT / MySQL (beta) at CHEARSdotinfo.co.uk
你如何描述声音的质地？
描述声音的质地
从声音的角度出发，在传统音乐的记谱法中非常缺乏处理声音质地和音色的方法。传统记谱法中，没有精确的方法来描述悦耳的音色。
声音的指纹
一个声音的音色可以被看做是它的指纹。每个声音都有一个独一无二的音色。即使，声音的来源相同，也能拥有不同的音色（弱奏，强奏）。一个声音的特定音色基于它所有特质的结合。
活动
和一个伙伴讨论一下，怎样找到最好的方法来描述下列声音的品质。考虑它们的形状，它们的质地，相对噪度？以及它们的音高，响度和时值？
区分许多音源
音色允许我们辨别不同的音源，并且把单独的声音拆分出来。就是音色，它允许我们在一部作品中辨认出许多不同的声音。当许多声音在我们面前的时候，而且这些声音有着相似的音色，我们在辨识音源的数量和声音的不同方面具有一定的难度。
在传统音乐里，配器就是利用音色的优点，让我们把音乐中的元素分离出来，并且进行清晰的辨认。用声音作曲，允许我们更近一步地探索以上的观点，并且把音色置于音乐中最为重要的位置。
How can you describe the texture of sounds?
Describing The Texture of Sounds
One aspect of sound that traditional music notation is very poorly equipped to deal with is the texture or timbre of the sound. There is no accurate way to describe musical timbre using traditional notation.
When we describe a sound as noisy (sound file) or pitched (sound file), we are referring to its timbre. All sounds have a unique timbre, and it is this property of sound that allows us to tell sounds apart.
Listening Challenge
How many different timbres can you hear in this recording? Try to identify as many as possible.
Can you find more than you friends?
Sonic Fingerprint
A sound’s timbre could be thought of as its fingerprint. Each sound will have a unique timbre. Even sounds coming from the same source can possess different timbres (soft hit, hard hit). The particular timbre that a sound has is created by a combination of all its properties.
Activity
Discuss with a partner how you might best describe the qualities of the following sounds. Think about their shape, texture, relative noisiness? As well as their pitch, loudness and duration.
You might find it useful to sketch out pictures of how the sounds might look? (see also: Drawing Sounds)
Distinguishing Many Sources
Timbre allows us to distinguish between different sound sources and to separate out individual sounds. It is timbre that allows us to identify the many different sounds within a piece.
Listening Challenge
Listen to these two sound clips of traditional instruments:
An instrument playing the note D2
Listen to the quality of this sound and compare it with the sound below.
A second instrument playing the note D2
Both instruments are playing the same note, but they sound very different.
Did they sound different? In what way?
This example demonstrates to us that there is much more to sound than pitch.
Similar Timbre
If we are presented with many sounds that have similar timbres then it can be difficult to identify the number of sources.
Think for example of being in a crowded place (a shopping centre or a football stadium) where there are many people talking at once. We no longer hear the individual voices, but a mass sound for the whole crowd.
Voices
In this example the many voices blend together into a cacophony of sound. Gradually as the layers of voices thin out we begin to hear more and more details from individual phrases.
In traditional music, orchestration takes advantage of timbre, allowing musical elements to be separated and clearly distinguished.
Making music with sounds allows us to explore this idea even further and positions timbre as the most important aspect of music.
Each of these objects has a unique timbre. That is how we can tell them apart.
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