音乐科技创研中心之数字文化系列讲座
Music, Technology and Innovation Research Centre - Digital Culture Series

以全面介绍二十世纪音乐发展脉络为主要目的，一方面提高了我院电子音乐专业在实际创作方面的能力；另一方面，填补了我国电子音乐学术研究的空白。

首先，讲座介绍了数字文化的意义，以及音乐的种类以及音乐的社会角色，尤其是深入探讨了进入20世纪以来，民族性与全球性的对比、全球性与地域性的对比。然后，纵观几百年来两种不同的美学观点，通过感性到形式的对比、语言到理解的进一步细化，深刻地揭示了当代音乐艺术的内涵，同时也揭示了其内在的矛盾与不争的困境。

总体上说，整个系列讲座分成两条线索：其一是音乐发展线索，包括激进主义、未来主义、达达主义、形式主义、后现代主义、早期电子音乐、“主流”电子音乐与“非主流”电子音乐、实验流行音乐等等，与此同时又把音乐材料之中的“新纬度”引入了我院作曲系师生的视线；其二是科技发展线索，包括信息与通讯，以及数字文化，前者例如文字、印刷、留声机、电报、电台、电视、卫星，后者例如计算机、模拟合成器、互联网等等。

最后，李•兰迪教授运用声音载体音乐与音符载体音乐的概念，还有科技与表演之间的相互关系进一步明确了电子音乐在20世纪音乐中的重要地位，以及21世纪初期电子音乐的发展态势。

New Dimensions in Music (material, structure, instruments, space, etc.)

Some parameters:

Sound type/source

Pitch

Duration (+ Tempo)

Dynamics + Sound quality (or Timbre + Texture)

Space

Simultaneity

Density

(Dis)order (or Freedom + Entropy + Energy)

Form + Formel

Recognisability of sounds

Examples – John Cage, Karlheinz Stockhausen, Iannis Xenakis

New ways of playing instruments; new instruments

---

On Space

• The Concert Hall = one space (inc. music filling three dimensions/cross-arts – loudspeaker placement; IRCAM/everything placement)

• Other spaces: Alternative movements (inc. Happenings/Fluxus); alternative spaces (inc., site (type) -specific) –> soundscape artists

• Addendum-1: Home = yet another space

• Addendum-2: Space vs. no space – the iPod

+ Example – “Fish Design”

& The question of stereo reductions for dissemination/broadcast

在翻译中，遇到两处有趣的地方：

其一，原文Reactions，直译为“反应”。根据前几日课程中的曲目推测为“科技对音乐的影响”。因为这一讲开始出现了磁带音乐。

其二，原文You and your public/things to hold on to，张睿博老师的意译为“你应该何去何从？”。

10月08日:

上午： 介绍 / 数字文化的意义？ / 音乐种类以及社会角色
下午： 进入20世纪，民族性方法 vs. 全球性方法

10月09日:

上午： 全球 / 地域
下午： 早期激进主义

10月10日:

上午： 艺术和生活 vs. 为了艺术而艺术
下午： 激进主义（二）

10月11日:

上午： 音乐新纬度
下午： 形式主义

10月12日:

上午： 技术第一讲：信息 / 通讯
下午： 科技对音乐的影响（反应）

10月13日:

上午： 声音载体音乐 vs. 音符载体音乐
下午： 早期电子音乐

10月14日:

上午： 科技与表演
下午： 当代艺术音乐

10月15日:

上午： 技术第二讲：数字文化
下午： “主流”电子音乐

10月16日:

上午： 你应该何去何从？
下午： “非主流”电子音乐

10月17日:

上午：　未来／总结
下午：　实验流行音乐与多样化融合

*17th
part 1: no media examples.

part 2:
Beatles – Revolution 9 (1968)

Frank Zappa /1– Are you Hung Up? (1968)

Frank Zappa/2 – Nasal Retentive Calliope Music (1968)

Kraftwerk – The Robots (1978)

The Orb – Little Fluffy Clouds (1980)

Grandmaster Flash – On the Wheels of Steel (1981)

DJ Spooky – Asphalt (2002?)

Laurie Anderson – O Superman (1981)

Diamanda Galas – Swing Low Sweet Chariot (1992)

Glenn Branca – Symphony No 13: Hallucination City (2001(?))

Autecre – Foil (fragment) (1994)

Coldcut – Timbre (1998)

Scanner – Passage de Recherche (1999)

Pan Sonic – Maa (1999)

BU HU Repugnants (2002)

John Oswald/2 – Sfield (1980)

John Oswald/3 – Spring – sir istvan gorsky (date unknown)

John Oswald/4 – Brown (1989)

*16th
part 1: no media examples.

part 2:
Steve Roden – Bell is the Triumph (2002)

Tetjuo Inoue, Carl Stone – Healthy (2001)

Kaffe Matthews – To a Landing (2003)

DISC – No Sellout (1997)

Kim Cascone – Zephirum Scan (2002)

Merzbow – Takemitsu (2002?)

Toshimaru Nakamura – Nimb #49 (ca. 2003(?))

Chris Marclay, – Pandora’s Box (1980s)

Phil Jeck – Soaked (2002)

Felix Hess – Air Pressure Fluctuations (2000)

Christina Kubisch – Security (ca. 2005)

Garth Paine/1 – Gestations (2000)

Garth Paine/2 Reeds (2003)

www.auracle.org
Internet music

*15th
part 1: no media examples.

part 2:
John Chowning – Stria (1977)

Jean-Claude Risset – Sud mvt 3 (1985)

Jonathan Harvey – Mortuos Plango Vivos Voco (1980)

Bernard Parmegiani –Sonare mvt 3 (1996)

Denis Smalley – Valley Flow (1991/92)

Trevor Wishart – Encounters in the Republic of Heaven (completed 2011) – Children’s Stories 2

Dennis Miller – θακτϒρα (2003, Faktura)

Luc Ferrari Presque rien no 1 (1970)

Barry Truax – Pendlerdrøm (1997)

Hildegard Westerkamp – Cordillera/Zone of Silence Story (1980)

Christian Calon/Claude Shreyer – Prochaine Station (1990)

Alejandro Viñao – Go (1980)

Pauline Oliveros – Bye Bye Butterfly (1965)

Charles Dodge – Speech Songs – He Destroyed Her Image (1972)

Paul Lansky – Idle Chatter (ca. 1994)

*14th
part 1:
Bruno Maderna – Musica su Due Dimensioni (1952)

Horaccio Vaggione – Tar (1987)

Michel Waisvisz – Hands (2004)

part 2:
Alfred Schnittke – Symphony I 2nd mvt (1969/74)

Gérard Grisey – Partiels (1975)

Contemporary art music talk – Lachenmann title – (vor der Erstarrung – 1982/84)

Wolfgang Rihm – Lichtes Spiel (2009)

Brian Ferneyhough – String Quartet No 3 – mvt 1 (1987)

Tan Dun – The Map 5 Feige (Flying Song) (2002)

Luciano Berio/3 – Sequenza III (1965)

Luciano Berio/4 – Sequenza VII (1969)

Ned Rothenberg – Saxophone solo (ca. 2007)

Robert Erickson – General Speech (1969)

Bernard Heidsieck – Poème Partition V (1973)

Charles Amirkhanian – Church Car (1980)

*13th
part 1:
Åke Parmerud – Les objets obscures (1991)

Mario Davidovsky – Synchronisms no. 9 (1988)

Aphex Twin – Vaz Deferenz (1995)

Squarepusher – Curve (1998)

Ryoji Ikeda – Check (from C) (1998)

Andreas Oldörp – Trost für Anfänger (2002)

Scratch Perverts – 1999 DMC World Team Championships

part 2:
Pierre Schaeffer – 5 Études de bruit: Êtude Pathétique (1948)

Toru Takemitsu – Water Music (1960)

Karlheinz Stockhausen/3 Studie I (1953)

Karlheinz Stockhausen/4 Studie II (1954)

KarlheinzStockhausen/5 – Kontakte (1958/60)

Vladimir Ussachevsky – Piece for Tape Recorder (1956)

Max Mathews – Bicycle Built for Two (1961)

Lejaren Hiller – Illiac Suite I (1956)

Iannis Xenakis/2 – ST-4 1.080262 (1962)

Walter (now Wendy) Carlos – Switched on Bach (1968)

Morton Subotnick – Silver Apples of the Moon (1967, Buchla synth)

MEV – Spacecraft (1967. fragm)

David Tudor – Rainforest I (1968)

*12th
part 1: no media examples.

part 2:
LaMonte Young – Composition (1960)

Philip Glass/1 – Music in Similar Motion (1969)

Philip Glass/2 – Einstein on the Beach (1975)

Steve Reich/1 – Clapping Music (1972)

Steve Reich/2 – Different Trains (1988)

Minimalism talk – John Adams Harmonielehre I (1985)

Michael Nyman Band – Time Lapse (from A Zed and Two Noughts, 1985)

Brian Eno – Music for Airports 1 (1978)

Arvo Pärt – Fratres (version from 1977)

Luciano Berio/1 Sinfonia (1968/69)

Luciano Berio/2 Folk Songs (1964)

György Ligeti – Lux Aeterna (1966)

Krzysztof Penderecki – Threnody for the Victims of Hiroshima (1960)

*11th
part 1: no media examples.

part 2:
Pierre Boulez/1 – Structures Book 1a (1952)

Pierre Boulez/2 – Le marteau sans maître 5 (1953-57)

Karlheinz Stockhausen/1 – Gruppen (1955/57)

Pierre Boulez/3 – Rituel (in memoriam Maderna 1974/75)

Karlheinz Stockhausen/2 – Stimmung (1968)

Karlheinz Stockhausen/3 – Bullfight (Camel Dance) – Mittwoch aus Licht (1995/97)

Milton Babbitt/1 – Philomel (1964)

Milton Babbitt/2 – All Set (1957)

Elliott Carter – String Quartet No. 3 (1971)

Iannis Xenakis/1 – Metastasis (1953/54)

Michael McNabb – Dreamsong (1978)

*10th
part 1: no media examples.

part 2:
John Cage/1 Sonata II for Prepared Piano (1946/48)

John Cage/2 Music of Changes – Book I (1951)

John Cage/3 Imaginary Landscape 4 for 12 Radios (1951)

John Cage/4 Variations IV (1963)

Earle Brown – Graphic Score (December 1952) + Available Forms I (1961)

Morton Feldman/1 – Projection 2 (1951)

Morton Feldman/2 – Piece for 4 Pianos (1957)

Cornelius Cardew – Treatise (page 101: 1963/74)

Mauricio Kagel – Exotica (1972)

Conlon Nancarrow – Study for Player Piano no. 7 (from set of 30 written between 1948/60)

*9th
part 1:
Africa Djolé (Guinée) – drumming

Shakuhachi music (Japan)

Inuit game (Canada)

Vivaldi – Four Seasons

Georgian orthodox music

Northumbian pipes (England)

Bulgarian folk music

Krk wedding duo (Croatia)

Change John /Oswald 1 – Dab to John Oswald/2 – Dab

Remko Scha – experimental piece

De Vitry – Roman de Fauvel

Beethoven – String Quartet

Cage – Credo in US

Kylie Minogue – pop piece

Brian Eno, David Byrne – Help Me Someone

John /Oswald 1 – Dab

part 2:
Alexander Mosolov – The Iron Foundry, Op. 19 (1926/26)

Luigi Russolo/1 – Veglio di una Città (1913)

Luigi Russolo/2 – The Futurist Inonarumori

Filippo Tomaso Marinetti – Zang Tumb Tumb (1912/14)

Kurt Schwitters – Ursonate (1922/32)

Marcel Duchamp – Erratum Musical (3 pieces 1912/15)

Erik Satie/1 – Vexations (1893)

Erik Satie/2 – Embryons déssechés: Holothuria (1913)

Darius Milhaud – Le boeuf sur le toît (1920)

Edgard Varèse/1 – Intégrales (1924/25)

Edgard Varèse/2 – Ionisation (1929/31)

Olivier Messiaen/1 – Organ Book III (1951/52)

Olivier Messiaen/2 – Couleurs de la Cité Céleste (1963)

Charles Ives/1 – Quarter Tone Pieces III (1924)

Charles Ives/2 – Symphony No. 4/II (1910/16)

Henry Cowell – The Banshee (1925)

Harry Partch – Daphne of the Dunes (1967)

*8th
part 1:
Scottish West Highland Fiddle (folk)

Chopin – Waltz (art music)

Spice Girls – Wannabe (pop)

part 2:
Claude Debussy/1 – Jeux (1913)

Igor Stravinsky/1 – Petrushka I (1910/11, 47)

Igor Stravinsky/2 – Les Noces (1917, 19)

Béla Bartók – Rumanian Folk Dances 1 (1915)

Dimitri Shostakovich – String Quartet 9/1, Op. 117 (1964)

Manuel De Falla – Concerto for harpsichord, flute, oboe, clarinet, violin, cello/I (1926)

Aaron Copland – Fanfare for a Common Man (1942)

Yellow River Pn Concerto I (1969)

Claude Debussy/2 – Estampes: Pagodes (1903)

PaulHindemith – Sonata for clarinet and piano I (1939)

Arnold Schönberg/1 – 5 Orchesterstücke, Op. 16/III (1909)

Anton von Webern – Five Pieces for Orchestra, Op 10 (1913)

Arnold Schönberg/2 – 5 Pieces for Piano, Op 23/I (1920/23)

Arnold Schönberg/3 – Serenade, Op. 24 (1923)

Alban Berg – Lyric Suite I (1925/26)